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The Albanian People's Assembly passed this law on public and private radio and television on 30 September 1998. The law regulates in 150 articles the activities of public and private broadcasting, defined in the general provisions (Chapter 1) as the organisation, transmission and retransmission of programmes and information of all kinds in speech, images, coded signals or text using electromagnetic waves via cables, amplifiers or satellites, and intended for public use (Art. 2). In Art. 4 the basic principles underlying broadcasting are set out: primarily, respect for the dignity and personality...

Anyone connected to the Internet must expect outsiders to probe their system for security holes, Norway's Supreme Court held in a recent verdict, thereby implying that unprotected data is public. The case started as a piece of investigative journalism, when a staff member of an Oslo-based data security firm assisted a news team from national broadcaster NRK-TV in trying to break into the data system of the University of Oslo. Trying - unsuccessfully - to log on to different machines in the University's IT network from outside as a "guest" and as an "anonymous" user, the data engineer also made...

In order to protest against a decision of the high council for audio-visual matters (RTUK), several Turkish TV stations and producers have announced a temporary suspension of their programmes in early November. This decision was a reaction to a sanction pronounced by the council ordering the private TV station "D" to stop its operations for one day. The authority had ruled at the beginning of the week that the station had broadcast "offending and insidious" comments in a report on a female minister. A comic actor had made fun of the lacking sexual experience of the minister during a programme for...

Television coverage of a woman's suicide recently prompted the Romanian Broadcasting Council to draw attention to certain provisions in the law and insist that they must be respected. Various news programmes had shown the woman in question setting fire to herself, and then struggling desperately to put out the flames, while screaming for help. The Council considered the effects of such reports on the general public highly questionable. It specifically referred to the European Convention on Transfrontier Television (Article 7) and Recommendation No. R(97)19 of the Council of Europe's Committee...

In the past month, Congress has passed several measures to promote electronic commerce and protect children using the Internet. Three such bills were attached to the Federal budget, which President Clinton is expected to sign shortly. The Internet Tax Freedom Act will prohibit state and local governments from imposing Internet access or bit taxes, as well as other "multiple or discriminatory taxes" on electronic transactions during a temporary moratorium. However, the bill will not prohibit taxation on gross or net income derived over the Internet or other non-transactional taxes. The Internet...