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In December 2002, the Council of Europe submitted its Contribution to the 2 Preparatory Committee for the World Summit on the Information Society. The Contribution sets out the Council's priorities vis-à-vis the future development of the Information Society, in the hope that they will inform the preparations for the World Summit, and ultimately the Summit itself. As regards human rights protection, these priorities include: guaranteeing freedom of expression and information in the on-line environment; combating cybercrime; ensuring the protection of personal data; establishing self- and co-regulatory...

On 18 November 2002, the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE) adopted its Recommendation 1586 (2002) on the digital divide and education. It was adopted to re-establish the balance (including through the adoption of legislation) between “the need to reward intellectual property owners for the use of their works, and the need for society to make some of these works available to a larger public” in the digital age. The PACE recommends that the Council of Europe’s Committee of Ministers (CM) collaborate with other international organisations also working on access to online content,...

The Act of 2 August 2002 on the protection of the individual in the processing of personal data came into force on 1 December 2002. This legislation transposes Directive 95/46/EEC into national legislation and repeals the Act of 31 March 1979 regulating the use of personal data in computer processing, which has been largely ignored. In accordance with the guidelines set out in the Directive, the new Act makes every effort to ensure the quality of the data collected (Article 4), the legitimacy of the purpose of the processing (Article 5) and the protection of the processed data (Article 22). It...

On 14 October 2002, in accordance with the provisions of the new Romanian Audiovisual Act (Legea audiovizualului), the Consiliul Na tional al Audiovizualului (National Audiovisual Council - CNA) adopted Decision no.114 on the right of reply and correction in broadcasting. The Decision also amends the time-period within which a natural or legal person can exercise their right to reply or correction. Article 4.3, for example, states that persons whose rights are infringed through false reporting or the transmission of inaccurate information may demand a review of the programme concerned up to 20...

On 21 August 2002, Decision no.80 of the Consiliul Na tional al Audiovizualului (National Audiovisual Council - CNA) concerning the protection of human dignity and personal image rights entered into force. According to this Decision, freedom of opinion is a fundamental right in any democratic society; however, the exercise of the right of freedom of expression must not infringe personal dignity, honour or privacy, nor personal image rights. On the other hand, the exercise of these rights should not be used to justify the concealment of information that is in the public interest. Matters of public...