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The Nordic countries have enacted legal rules and other regulatory texts concerning advertising in broadcasting which are broadly similar. All five Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden) have also largely implemented the recommendations on "Joint rules for television advertising", adopted by the Nordic Council of Ministers in 1991, according to a recent report from the Nordic Council of Ministers. All Nordic countries subscribe to the principle that advertising must be clearly identifiable as such. They have all enacted legislation making ethical demands on advertisers,...

As of 1 April 1999 the Swedish terrestrial broadcasting network was opened for digital broadcasting under concession granted by the Swedish Government. A number of broadcasting companies, so far 11 programme distributors, were afforded this opportunity by the Government, among them Canal + Television AB, Cell Internet Commerce Development AB, TV 3 AB, and Kanal 5 AB. However, these concessions do not cover the full potential of the terrestrial network, which, at its maximum, virtually comprises all households of Sweden. Initially, the Government has chosen some regions of Sweden, mainly densely...

Freedom of expression in the media enjoys a privileged position in Sweden under a comprehensive set of rules. The freedom is specially regulated by constitutional provisions - The Freedom of the Press Act ( tryckfrihetsförordningen - TF) as regards printed media, and the Fundamental Law on Freedom of Expression ( yttrandefrihetsgrundlagen - YGL) which applies to non-printed media. On 1 January 1999 amendments of YGL and TF, concerning inter alia the scope of application of the Acts, entered into force. In YGL the term electronic recordings ( tekniska upptagningar) was introduced as a collective...

The prohibition of advertisements aimed at children on Swedish television has been subject to a judgment by the Market Court. In the "De Agostini case" two questions had to be considered by the Court. First, whether the Swedish prohibition of advertisements targeted at children constituted a violation of the free movement of services and, second, whether the Swedish rules on misleading advertisement could be applied to advertisements transmitted into Sweden from broadcasters established abroad. In 1997, the Court of Justice of the European Communities issued a preliminary ruling on the question...

With the enactment of the Radio and Television Act of 1996 (RTA) ( see IRIS 1996-9: 11), which came into force 1 December 1996, Sweden got a cohesive set of provisions regulating all transmissions of sound radio and television programmes which are directed to the Swedish public and intended for reception using technical aids. The RTA comprises provisions which earlier were found in several special Acts regarding terrestrial-, satellite, wire-transmissions etc., provisions which were transferred with relatively few material changes to the new Act. Due to the amendments of Council Directive 89/552/EEC...