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The Radio Authority ("The Authority") licences and regulates the independent radio industry in the UK in accordance with the statutory requirements of the Broadcasting Act 1990 and 1996. The Broadcasting Act 1990 makes it the statutory duty of the Authority to draw up, and periodically review a code which sets standards and practice in advertising and programme sponsorship on independent radios. The Authority has now - a month after the revised ITC Code (see IRIS 1997-4: 11) - published a new version of its Advertising and Sponsorship Code, which takes immediate effect. The changes to the Code...

Television gets through a vast quantity of cinematographic films. It waits impatiently for the cinema screen projection period to run out to show them on the television screen. The possibility of commercial breaks then becomes an essential aspect of the televised broadcasting of cinematographic works. The subject is closely governed by regulation - firstly by the Intellectual Property Code, which protects non-pecuniary copyright very closely, and secondly by audio-visual legislation, which distinguishes between the types of television channel. Private, unencrypted channels may insert one commercial...

With decisions issued respectively on 4 June and 11 October 1996 the Tribunals of Rome and Milan have replied negatively to the request of two different Consumer Associations to impose the broadcasters the respect of the directive. In the first case, the Tribunal of Rome, although considering that the Association had locus standi before the Court, decided that the Directive was not directly applicable in the case at hand, because it had no "horizontal effects' (i.e. it could not be enforced against a private entity if not correctly implemented). In the second case the Tribunal of Milan reached...

The Independent Television Commission has published on Wednesday 26 March a new revised Code of Programme Sponsorship which it hopes will widen the scope for sponsorship without the risk of sponsors "excessively diverting the editorial agenda for commercial purposes." The provisions of the new code have immediate effect. The main changes to the code are as follows: - Masthead programming (programming made or funded by a periodical, newspaper, book or informational software publishers which incorporates the name of the publisher in its title) to be permitted on all ITC licensed channels apart from...

On 20 February 1997, the State Duma passed in the first reading (for a Bill to become law, there should be three readings in the Duma, approval by the Upper House, and signing by the President) a Bill on Limitations of Circulation of Products, Services and Performances of Sexual Character in the Russian Federation. The Bill, drafted by the Committee on Culture of the Duma permits, in accordance with Article 242 of the 1997 Criminal Code, the sale and distribution of legal pornography (as opposed to pornographic material which is considered to be illegal ). At the same time, for the first time...