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In a ruling of 18 January 1995, the regional court of Nanterre confirmed that any private individual holds the exclusive rights to the use of his or her own picture, an inherent part of his or her personality, and that the individual in question can refuse the broadcasting or reproduction hereof without his or her express or tacit permission. The facts are as follows : on 19 November 1992, a Reuter's journalist filmed a fire in a building in Paris which included scenes of panic , especially one scene where one of the inhabitants of the building, Laurent Gilles, was hanging from a window before...

The Decision (arrêt) of the Court of Cassation of 3 April 1995, upheld the ruling of the Court of Appeal which found the Editor and a journalist of the satirical weekly guilty of publishing of tax documents of Mr.Jacques Calvet. The offence in question was not concealment of theft or of information but "concealment of breach of professional secrecy", through the concealment of photocopies of part of three tax notices of the managing director of one of the main French car manufacturers. The Court found that an employee of the French tax department was behind the disclosure of the tax documents and...

The European Parliament reminds the Commission and the Council of the necessity of making sure that all citizens of the Union can benefit from an affordable, high-quality universal service with reasonable installation times. The Parliament also requested that the provisions governing the universal service should be set out and that these provisions be presented by the Commission as a question of urgency. Basic services and infrastructures should be set up at Union level, according to the different types of end-user concerned. These would be mainly low-income users with limited needs, the average...

The Austrian Government and the plaintiff, Mr. Ludwig Friedl, agreed to a friendly settlement, following a demonstration that he had organised with others to draw public attention towards the plight of the homeless in a pedestrian subway passage, the Karlsplatz-Opera in Vienna. After the police had photographed and filmed him in order to establish his identity and had recorded the details in their data bank, Mr.Friedl took the Austrian Government before the European Commission of Human Rights and filed a complaint based on articles 8 (protection of privacy) and 13 (the availability of an effective...

In its announcement of 23 February 1995, the Economic and Social Committee of the European Communities noted the Community's invitation to the private sector to play a leading role in the setting up of the information society by launching a series of concrete initiatives. The Community undertook to set up the necessary regulatory framework. Various social, cultural, technical and industrial points need to be taken into consideration when promoting the information society, not forgetting the regulatory and legal framework and the basic services and networks. The Bangemann report suggested doing...