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Videotext is an information system in which text and simple graphics are transmitted by the broadcaster in parallel with the television programme itself. Alongside basic and supplementary information relating to TV programmes, videotext can be used to provide a wide range of information that can be constantly updated. There is the also the possibility of so-called "videotext chat", in which viewers themselves transmit information. Some user-generated information transmitted in this way has been criticised in the past because it contained vulgar and obscene language. These messages could be accessed...

As reported earlier (see IRIS 2007-6: 19) the Slovak Ministry of Culture and Arts had prepared a new draft media law the main purpose of which was to bring Slovak audiovisual law in line with the European Convention for the Protection of the Audiovisual Heritage. The new law has now entered into force on 1 January 2008 as Act. No. 343/2007 concerning conditions of registration, public distribution and storage of audiovisual works, sound and picture recordings of artistic performances and multimedia works, called the Audiovisual Act. This Act has completely replaced the former Audiovisual Media...

On 1 January 2008, a new amendment to the Codul de reglementare a conţinutului audiovizual (Regulatory Code for Audiovisual Content) entered into force. It was adopted by the Consiliul Naţional al Audiovizualului (regulatory authority for electronic media - CNA ) via Decision No. 1105 of 20 December 2007 (see IRIS 2008-1:17). The amendment concerns the rules set out in Art. 138 concerning advertising for food products aimed at children. As before, Art. 138 stipulates that medicinal properties of food products and food supplements ( suplimente alimentare ) must not be mentioned in advertising; (para....

The Office of Communications (Ofcom), the UK communications regulator, has issued a guidance on protecting under-eighteens in programmes. The guidance is non-binding, but clarifies provisions in the binding Broadcasting Code. The guidance includes advice on programmes, which may be viewed by children; for example, on the 9 pm “watershed” for adult viewing, coverage of sexual and other offences, drugs and alcohol abuse, violence and dangerous behaviour. However, the guidance mainly concerns the participation of under-eighteens in programmes. The Broadcasting Code provides that “due care must be...

The Kommission für Jugendmedienschutz (Commission for the protection of minors in the media - KJM ) has, for the second time, found "serious deficiencies" in youth protection filters tested via "jugendschutz.net", a youth protection site set up by the Bundesländer to provide information about youth protection on the Internet. Minimal progress has been made in this area since 2006. None of the systems tested offered adequate protection for children and young people against harmful Internet content; none of the youth protection filters met the legal requirements. Overall, they were not effective...