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Наказателен кодекс (the Bulgarian Criminal Code) has recently been amended. One of the amendments concerns the introduction of a new criminal offence for the distribution of pornographic materials by all types of media operating in the territory of Bulgaria. A new definition of “pornographic material” has been added to Article 93, item 28 of the Criminal Act. Namely, "Pornographic material" is defined as a material which is indecent, unacceptable or incompatible with public morals and which depicts in an open manner a sexual conduct. Such conduct shall be action, which expresses real or simulated...

The Slovenian Media Act stipulates, in Article 84, para. 6, that the Minister for Culture is responsible for the issuing of “visual symbols”, i.e. pictograms, and for the modes of their application. Aside from the Media Act, the ministerial document is the only legislative tool for content regulation in the general practice of television programming in Slovenia, which is aimed at the protection of children and minors from potentially harmful materials. The document is literally entitled Pravilnik o določitvi vizualnega in akustičnega opozorila za programske vsebine, ki niso primerne za otroke in...

In the course of its 25th session, the Croatian Parliament discussed the proposed Draft Law Amending the Electronic Media Law. On 20 April 2007, the Parliament reached the decision to adopt the proposal, while any comments, proposals and opinions on the draft should be addressed to the Government, who had prepared the proposal for a final version. The draft regulates the following fundamental issues: - It stipulates that a natural person may also be an electronic media broadcaster; - It deletes the provision explicitly binding electronic publications to the activities of producing and transmitting...

As the guarantor, under Article 15 of the Act of 30 September 1986, of the protection of children and young people on television, the Conseil Supérieur de l’Audiovisuel (audiovisual regulatory body - CSA) adopted, on 17 April, a deliberation concerning the participation of minors in television broadcasts. Expanding upon the undertakings contained in the agreements between the CSA and the channels, the purpose of this deliberation is to set out in detail the arrangements required of all French television services in order to “preserve the physical, mental and moral development of young participants”,...

On 26 April 2007, the Bundestag Sub-Committee on New Media held an expert hearing on “The protection of minors in the media and violent computer games”. In his introduction, the Director of the Kriminologisches Forschungsinstitut Niedersachsen e.V. (Lower Saxony Criminal Research Institute - KFN) showed a number of violent scenes from computer games and described the aims of these games, all of which were to move up to a higher level in the game hierarchy. He then presented the results of studies that allegedly prove that extremely violent computer games make young people more aggressive. According...