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IRIS 1995-1:1/27 [RO] The effects of the Law on Radio and Television Broadcasting

Since 25 May 1992, the Rumanian audiovisual sector has been regulated by new legislation that shows a particularly liberal approach when taken in the light of the overall economic and legislative situation. The law not only recognizes the private sector but it also fixes no limits as to the amount of foreign capital, which can make up the whole of an audiovisual company's capital. The law does, however, aim to prevent monopolies, by limiting to 20% of the capital the maximum number of shares that can be held any by one person who already has a majority shareholding in another company. Reference...

IRIS 1995-1:1/23 [DE] Protection of Young People and Sponsoring - Amendments to the Inter- Länder Treaty on Broadcasting and the Inter-Länder Treaty on the ZDF

On 1st August 1994 the amendments made to the InterLänder Treaty on Broadcasting and the InterLänder Treaty on the ZDF came into force. The provisions for the protection of young people have been changed in both treaties. In addition, the provisions for sponsorship in the InterLänder Treaty on Broadcasting were also slackened. The changes made in the field of protection of young people ensure, among other things, the appointment of a Head of protection of young people in ARD and ZDF and all private national stations. These people will be expected to come together regularly to ensure a regular...

IRIS 1995-1:1/22 [FR] Decree Specifying the Conditions under which Radio Stations May Broadcast Local Advertising and May Be Subject to Local Sponsoring

The judgement made by the Conseil d'Etat (Council of State) on 18 February 1994 (JCP 1994: 22327, observations by Truchet; JCP 1994: 212, observations by Lienhard Petitot) remains in the memory. The Conseil d'Etat decided that the law, according to which local advertising was restricted to radios broadcasting local programmes, was out of the jurisdiction of the C.S.A. ( Conseil Supérieur de l'Audiovisuelthe French Media Authority). This decision threw into confusion the work being carried out by the C.S.A. into restoring order on the FM wave band and also dealt a severe blow to its image, while...

IRIS 1995-1:1/19 [FR] New Rules for the Use of French Language

The Act of 4 August 1994 sets strict rules for the use of the French language in the audiovisual media in France. Article 12 of the Act makes the use of French compulsory in commercial messages. If the message is not in French, it should also be readable, audible or understandable by some form of translation. If a song is used in a commercial, a translation of the text is required if the song contains a "commercial argumentation".

IRIS 1995-1:1/18 [EE] New Broadcasting Law

On 19 May 1994, the State Assembly of Estonia adopted a new law on radio and television broadcasting to establish a legal structure for broadcasts and the principal activities of radio and television broadcasting. It also lays down the requirements for possessing technical means intended for the broadcasting of general information by radio and television, including transmitters and transmitter networks. Furthermore the Act provides a structure for the regulation of private broadcasting activities, copyright provisions, advertising and sponsorship rules, and a liability clause.