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On 1 January 2005 the provisions of the Закон за здравето (Health Act) concerning direct and indirect advertising of alcoholic beverages in the electronic media came into force. The amended Article 55 reads as follows: “Article 55 (1) Direct advertising of alcoholic beverages is prohibited. (2) Indirect advertisements of alcoholic beverages and advertisements of wine and beer cannot: 1. be directed to persons below 18 years of age, as well as be transmitted in programmes or published in printed publications, designated for them; 2. use persons below 18 years of age as participants; 3. connect...

On 16 November 2004, the Autorità garante della concorrenza e del mercato (Italian Competition Authority ­ AGCM) issued a report on the situation of the Italian television and advertising markets. The aim of the report was to monitor the functioning of the market during a transition phase towards digital terrestrial broadcasting, where some of the previously existing limitations to horizontal and diagonal concentrations have been eliminated by the recent law on broadcasting (see IRIS 2004-6: 12). Firstly, AGCM has monitored the commercial behaviour of advertising agencies, with particular reference...

Following a consultation initiated in July 2004, The UK Office of Communications (OFCOM) has announced amendments to Section 11 (8) of the Broadcast Television Advertising Standards Code. This sub-section deals with advertising of alcoholic beverages. Section 11 in general deals with "rules for a range of categories which can have implications for individuals or for society as a whole."The changes are justified as strengthening protection for under-18 year olds, i.e.," ...reducing the appeal of alcohol advertising to children and young teenagers." The new rules restrict adverts which connect alcohol...

On 5 November 2004 the Government of the Republic of Albania approved the draft law "On the ratification of the Protocol of the European Convention on Transfrontier Television" The Protocol aims at the development of conditions for TV broadcasting. It envisages that the Member States have to ensure that broadcasting can be received. They also have to ensure, by the necessary means within their jurisdiction, that a considerable proportion of broadcasting time is reserved for European works. The aim of the draft law is to underline the importance that the freedom of expression and information, as...

In its report on Turkey's progress towards EU accession, the European Commission describes inter alia the legal situation in the audiovisual sphere. The yardstick for assessing the situation in Turkey is the EC's "Television Without Frontiers" Directive. As an example of progress made in this field, the report highlights a regulation adopted in January 2004 concerning radio and television broadcasts in languages and dialects traditionally used by Turkish citizens, as a result of which it is now possible to broadcast nationwide radio and TV programmes in languages other than Turkish. However, the...