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The Federal Cartel Office (BKartA) has imposed fines on ProSiebenSat.1 Media AG and the RTL Group in the amount of EUR 120 million and EUR 96 million respectively. The German guardian of competition accused the broadcasting groups of vertically sealing-off the advertising market. The two media concerns have accepted severe penalties, whereupon the BkartA subsequently, on 5 October 2007, discontinued the current procedure. Vertical restriction of advertising was apparent in the “share-deals” offered over many years by the marketing firms of the broadcasters: SevenOne Media and IP Deutschland. Such...

On 11 September 2007, the Council for Electronic Media (CEM), in accordance with its powers pursuant to Art. 33 item 3 of the Закон за радиото и телевизията (Radio and Television Act - Zakon za Radioto i Televiziata - see IRIS 2002-2: 3), adopted recommendations for fair, balanced and impartial media coverage of the 2007 local elections in Bulgaria (see IRIS 2007-9: 7). The CEM opinion is intended to create a favourable working environment in which the election campaign is covered by television and radio operators, and to ensure the observance of the universal, equal and direct right to vote of...

The demeaning attitude that the advertising industry has towards women and the ensuing skewed image of women is a source of discontent for the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE). The fact that approximately half of the world’s population is being depicted in a humiliating and degrading manner and that women are being portrayed as consumer commodities or simply objects of lust can, according to the Assembly, in certain cases be considered offensive to human dignity. The fact that the health of young girls, in particular, can be negatively affected (e.g. anorexia) by manipulative...

The Broadcasting Authority has recently approved Guidelines on Gender Equality and Gender Portrayal in the Broadcasting Media. These Guidelines apply to all programmes, including news and advertisements, broadcast on radio and television stations in Malta and are intended to sensitise the broadcasting media to gender equality and portrayal. They are directed towards the people in production, decision-makers at broadcasting stations and producers of advertisements. These Guidelines direct producers to use gender inclusive vocabulary and images. They deal with gender role portrayal in television...

The Izmjene i dopune Zakona o elektroničkim medijima (Law Amending the Electronic Media Law) came into force on 7 August 2007. The Law has introduced a series of amendments to the media legislation of the Republic of Croatia for the purpose of its alignment with EU legislation. New provisions on the protection of minors have been introduced, stipulating that no programme content that might seriously impair the physical, mental or moral development of minors shall be allowed, in particular content containing pornography or gratuitous violence. Programme content likely to impair the physical, mental...