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Since the proposal of the European Media Freedom Act (EMFA) in September 2022, significant progress has been made in regulating media pluralism and independence. Following a political agreement in late 2023, the Act came into force in May 2024, though it has only been fully applicable since 8 August 2025. The EMFA aims to protect and ensure a pluralistic, free and independent media landscape. It notably addresses the following issues: - Protection of editorial independence and journalistic sources - Transparency of media ownership - Measures to protect the media, journalists and their...

On 23 May 2025, the Irish national media regulatory authority, Coimisiún na Meán (the Media Commission) de-designated Reddit as a video-sharing platform (VSP) service. The de-designation does not come as an indication that the initial designation of the service was incorrect, but due to the fact that service provider of Reddit is no longer under the jurisdiction of Ireland, and therefore not subject to the Media Commission’s online safety codes. Reddit had been designated as a VSP services at the end of 2023, when the Media Commission issued a series of notices to services...

On February 18, 2025, AGCOM (Italy's communication Authority) initiated a public consultation through Resolution No. 47/25/CONS, set to last for 30 days starting from March 4, 2025, regarding amendments to the regulation on online copyright protection, in force since 2014. (see IRIS 2021-8:1/28, 2020-7:1/26, 2019-2:1/17. 2017-10:1/25, 2017-5:1/ 26, 2023-8:1/11). The initiative aims to strengthen copyright and related rights protection tools in response to recent national and European legislative developments. These include the Digital Services Act (Regulation 2022/2065 – "DSA"),...

The Property (Digital Assets Etc.) Bill (the Bill) was introduced to the UK Parliament via the House of Lords on 11 September 2024, and its purpose is to make provision about the types of things that are capable of being objects of personal property rights. Since the Bill’s introduction, it has had its first and second reading and now awaits the committee (the date of which has yet to be set) and report stages, before its third reading in the House of Lords. After its passage through the upper chamber the Bill will be transferred to the House of Commons to follow a similar process to determine...

The report entitled "The Metaverse and its Impact on Human Rights, the Rule of Law, and Democracy", jointly developed by the Council of Europe and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Standards Association under the Council of Europe Digital Partnership and launched at the EuroDIG (European Dialogue on Internet Governance) Conference last June, is now publicly available for download. The report examines how the metaverse could reshape our societies and the associated benefits, risks and challenges. Drawing on insights from over 50 international experts,...