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On 18 March, the Georgian Parliament adopted, in the second reading, a law on the registration of foreign agents, which, according to the Georgian authorities, would be a literal translation into Georgian of the US FARA (Foreign Agents Registration Act). The new law will complement the Law of Georgia "On transparency of foreign influence", which entered into force in 2024 (for more information on the Law of Georgia "On transparency of foreign influence", see: IRIS 2023-4:1/30, IRIS 2024-5:1/16, and IRIS 2024-6:1/13). While the 2024 law operates with the notion of an “organisation...

The prohibition of AI practices such as harmful manipulation, social scoring, and real-time remote biometric identification, among others, has applied since 2 February 2025.  These practices are prohibited since they present threats to European values and fundamental rights. On 4 February 2025, the European Commission adopted guidelines to provide insights into the Commission’s interpretation of the prohibitions. The guidelines are non-binding.  The guidelines explain that the prohibition of manipulative AI techniques also supports the objectives of the Audiovisual Media...

Part of the Public Health Alcohol Act (PHAA – the Act) came into force on 10 January 2025, seven years after it was signed into law on 17 October 2018. In particular, section 19 of the Act introduces a watershed ban for alcohol advertisement. In this sense, alcohol advertisements cannot be shown on television between 3 a.m. and 9 p.m., nor can they be broadcast on the radio on a weekday between 3 p.m. and 10 a.m the following day. These new measures were among certain revisions introduced into the Act, and which followed the introduction of a ban on alcohol advertising in or on a...

The provider of the C8 TV channel asked the Conseil d’Etat (Council of State) to annul the decision issued by the Autorité de régulation de la communication audiovisuelle et numérique (the French audiovisual regulator – ARCOM) on 21 June 2023 fining it EUR 120,000 for programmes broadcast in 2022 and EUR 80,000 for programmes broadcast in 2023 that had breached the ban on surreptitious advertising. Article 9 of the decree of 27 March 1992, issued in accordance with Articles 27 and 33 of the Law of 30 September 1986 laying down the general principles defining the...

On 4 December 2024, the "Information Notes" of the Ministry of Internal Affairs – General Directorate of Internal Protection, of the Foreign Intelligence Service, of the Romanian Intelligence Service and of the Special Telecommunications Service, were declassified. These Information Notes had been registered with the Presidential Administration under Nos. DSN1/1741/4.12.2024, DSN1/1740/4.12.2024, DSN1/1742/4.12.2024 and DSN1/1743/4.12.2024. Since, and as a result of this declassification of information, public attention in Romania and beyond has focused on the fairness and...