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The National Commission on Markets and Competition (CNMC), the body that acts in Spain as the audiovisual authority and, therefore, oversees compliance with Law No. 13/2022 of 7 July 2022, the General Law on Audiovisual Communication (LGCA), has imposed two fines on NBC Universal Global Networks España S.L.U. (NBCU), amounting to a total of €4 516. The reason for those sanctions was the broadcasting of audiovisual commercial communications that exceeded the time limits set out in Article 137.1 (a) and (b) of the LGCA. The sanctioning procedure began following a request submitted...

The sixth edition of the European Commission’s Rule of Law Report was published on 8 July 2025. It examines developments in the 27 EU member states and in four enlargement countries (Albania, North Macedonia, Montenegro, and Serbia) in four key areas: the justice system; the anti-corruption framework; media pluralism and freedom; and other institutional issues related to checks and balances. Based on contributions and country visits, the report delivers qualitative information on each country's situation since the previous edition. Alongside the report, the European Commission also...

AGCOM – Italy’s Communications Authority and designated Digital Services Coordinator – has formally adopted its Guidelines and Code of Conduct for Influencers. Given the relevance and innovative scope of the matter, AGCOM established a dedicated multi-stakeholder working group, involving representatives of the industry and institutional actors, to develop a shared framework. The draft text was subsequently submitted to a public consultation process at the end of 2024 (see IRIS 2025-1:1/18 and 2024-2:1/26). The final Guidelines revise the initial version adopted in 2024, integrating...

Following the formal proceedings initiated on 19 February 2024 to evaluate potential breaches of the Digital Services Act (DSA) by TikTok, the European Commission issued its preliminary findings on 15 May 2025, stating that TikTok appeared to be in violation of the Act. An in-depth investigation, involving the analysis of internal company documents, testing of TikTok's tools, and interviews with experts in the field, led the Commission to find that the platform had failed to fulfil its obligation to publish an advertisement repository. The Commission considers that TikTok's advertisement...

AGCOM, the Italian Communications Authority and Digital Services Coordinator, has officially approved the regulation on age verification for access to online platforms providing adult content. The measure aims to ensure minors are effectively protected from the dangers of the internet. The new regulation, annexed to Resolution No. 96/25/CONS, sets out the compulsory procedures for video-sharing platforms and websites offering adult content in Italy to verify users’ age (so-called age assurance or age verification). This initiative enforces Article 13-bis of Legislative Decree No. 123 of...