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IRIS 2026-1:1/10 [ES] CNMC closes competition proceedings against Google after accepting binding commitments to ensure transparency and fair remuneration for press publishers

On 17 December 2025, the Comisión Nacional de los Mercados y la Competencia (National Commission on Markets and Competition – CNMC) decided to terminate the proceedings opened against Google for alleged anti-competitive practices affecting Spanish press publishers and news agencies. The CNMC closed the case after considering that the commitments submitted by Google on 19 March 2025 address the competition concerns identified. Google has undertaken to improve negotiations relating to Extended News Preview (ENP) agreements, which affect Google Search, Google News and Google Discover,...

IRIS 2026-1:1/12 European Commission fines X €120 million under the Digital Services Act

On 5 December 2025, the European Commission ordered social network X to pay a fine of €120 million. This fine follows the opening of formal proceedings by the European institution on 18 December 2023, which aimed to assess whether X had breached the provisions of the Digital Services Act (DSA). The amount of the fine was determined on the basis of the infringements committed, including their gravity, duration and impact. The Commission considered that the social network had failed to fulfil its obligations for three reasons. Firstly, the Commission ruled that the use of the "blue...

IRIS 2026-1:1/16 [NO] Norwegian television provider, TV 2, fined for breaching sponsorship rules

The Norwegian Media Authority (NMA) has imposed a fine of NOK 300 000 on the national television provider, TV 2, for breaches of the sponsorship rules during the television programme Tour de France for men, in 2025. The identification of sponsorships shown during the broadcasts were displayed for too long according to Norwegian law.  According to Article 10(1)(c) of the Audiovisual Media Services Directive (AVMSD), viewers shall be clearly informed...

IRIS 2025-10:1/7 [MD] NRA sanctions to protect minors

At its meeting on 13 November 2025, the national media regulator of Moldova, the Audiovisual Council (CA), decided to impose a fine of 5 000 Moldavan leu (about €250) on the national public TV station Moldova-1, for violating the rights of minors. Violations were found, following investigation of the complaint by a private citizen, in the story broadcast as part of the 9 p.m. news bulletin Mesager (Messenger), on 19 September 2025. The story reported on the lack of teachers at kindergartens in Chisinau. Violations were confirmed in video sequences filmed inside a particular kindergarten...

IRIS 2025-10:1/9 [NL] Dutch Media Authority launches new hotline for children to report undisclosed advertisements on social media

On 4 November 2025, the Commissariaat voor de Media (Dutch Media Authority) introduced a special hotline for children (De Klachtenknop), allowing them to submit an anonymous tip if they believe that an influencer has uploaded sponsored content without labelling it as such. The initiative was launched on the occasion of the national Media Literacy Week, which took place from 7 to 14 November 2025. The Media Authority monitors the compliance of audiovisual media service providers with the Media Act 2008. Under Article 3a.5 of the act, all audiovisual commercial communications on a video platform...